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Our fellow showed a case last week. I think it is interesting. Send here as a chinese new year gift for some ones interested.
about 50 y women with headach, CSF cytology exam. paitent has no previous malignant history.
赵老师在前面的评述中着重介绍下列几个问题:
1.黑色素瘤应列入脑脊液恶性肿瘤细胞的鉴别诊断中,尤其是在没有病史的情况下;
2.极少情况下,黑色素瘤可以原发于软脑膜。原发或继发要根据病史,诊断原发要除外他处黑色素瘤脑转移;
3.黑色素瘤可以表达 bcl-2 阳性。用PCR方法检测的阳性率为87.5%,而IHC检测的阳性率为55%;
4.. 有作者对20例黑色素瘤的标记显示,黑色素瘤标志物的阳性表达率:bcl-2弥漫阳性85%和灶阳15%;HMB45弥漫阳性70%和灶阳25%;S-100弥漫阳性55%和灶阳45%;melan A弥漫阳性80%和灶阳10%;
5.. 脑脊液中出现黑色素瘤细胞时要有如下考虑:
—很有可能是软脑膜转移(20%可能)的黑色素瘤
—脑膜存在有黑素细胞 !
—脑原发黑色素瘤极为罕见(脑黑变病),占1%的机会;
—如果病人有黑色素瘤的病史,就直接了当诊断为转移性黑色素瘤;
6. 鉴别诊断:主要是与癌、 淋巴瘤相鉴别。
以下是引用cqzhao在2010-3-30 3:23:00的发言:
For the case I mentioned above: Cytopathologists asked clinician to get second time of CSF. It is a malignant melanoma based on IHC result and cytologic features (very calssic for both). Patient had no melanoma history, so it may be a primary melanoma of meninges. |
前面所述的这个病例,细胞病理医生要求临床医生再送第二次脑脊液检查。鉴于免疫组化结果和细胞学特征(二者都很典型),诊断为恶性黑色素瘤。鉴于病人无黑色素瘤病史,该诊断为:脑膜原发性黑色素瘤。