I just found this news also I think it is important : it was published in 2015 : Should DNA Ploidy Analysis Replace Pap Smears for Cervical Cancer Screening?New study suggests DNA analysis more cost-effectiveVBCC - February 2015, Vol 6, No 1 - Economics of Cancer CareRosemary Frei, MScMiami, FL—Researchers are suggesting that DNA ploidy analysis may be a more cost-effective screening tool for cervical cancer than routine Pap smears.In a presentation at the 2014 Society for Medical Decision Making annual meeting, Van T. Nghiem, MSPH, of the Department of Health Services Research, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, showed results from a Markov model analysis of the natural history of human papillomavirus infection in a hypothetical group of females aged 12 years. The investigators compared 5 ploidy strategies—having 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 cells per specimen without the normal number of chromosomes—with liquid-based Pap smear analysis.The team found that a cutoff of ≥4 aneuploid cells per specimen was cost-­effective compared with no screening and appeared to be more cost-effective than using Pap smears. The ploidy 4-cell screening strategy increased the quality-adjusted life expectancy by 0.083 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and was associated with a cost of $8744 per QALY gained.The investigators determined that the cost-effectiveness of ploidy 4-cell screening for cervical cancer was most sensitive to the ploidy strategies’ operating characteristics, the cost of ploidy analysis, the cost of the Pap smear procedure, and the cost of treatment of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.The ploidy 4-cell screening was cost-effective in most scenarios in the sensitivity analysis. Moreover, the team constructed cost-effectiveness acceptability curves that indicated that this strategy is more cost-effective than Pap smear screening.The group concluded that ploidy analysis is “less costly and comparably effective” versus liquid-based Pap smear screening “using the standard willingness-to-pay threshold.”      我刚刚发现这个消息也这是重要︰ 它在 2015 年出版︰ 应 DNA 倍体分析取代巴氏涂片筛查宫颈癌吗？ 新的研究表明 DNA 分析更多高性价比 VBCC-2015 年 2 月，Vol 6，No 1-经济学的癌症护理迷迭香弗雷，MSc 迈阿密佛罗里达 — — 研究人员认为，DNA 倍体分析可能更具成本效益比常规巴氏涂片宫颈癌的筛查工具。 在 2014年社会医疗决策的年度会议，范 T.Nghiem，演示文稿中卫生学，卫生服务研究部、 安德森癌症中心、 休斯顿，结果从马尔柯夫模型分析人类乳突病毒感染自然史 12 岁女性假设组中。调查人员比较 5 倍性战略 — — 有 1、 2、 3、 4 或 5 每试样无正常的染色体数目的细胞 — — 基于液体的巴氏涂片分析。 研究小组发现截止 ≥4 非整倍体的细胞每试样是性价比相比没有筛选，似乎更具成本效益比使用巴氏涂片检验。倍体 4 细胞筛选策略质量调整寿命上升 0.083 质量调整寿命年 (QALYs) 并与其成本每 QALY 获得 8744 美元。 调查人员确定染色体倍性 4 细胞筛查宫颈癌的成本效益是最敏感的倍性战略的经营特色、 成本倍性分析、 宫颈涂片检查过程中，成本和高档鳞状上皮内病变治疗的费用。 倍体 4 细胞筛选是在大多数情况下在敏感性分析中具有成本效益。此外，这个团队构建成本效益可接受性曲线表明，这种策略是更具成本效益比巴氏涂片检查. 该小组的结论倍性分析是"成本更低的和可比较有效的"与基于液体的巴氏涂片筛查"使用标准的支付意愿阈值"。