皮肤组织一块，大小5.0×3.0×1.5cm，皮肤中央见一灰褐色突起，直径2.2cm，表面破溃，面积直径0.1cm。

1、CD68不是组织细胞特异性标记，许多细胞都可以阳性，同时S-100阴性；

2、CD31阳性，CD34虽然阴性，不除外血管源性肿瘤，可加做FVIII因子及上皮标记等，

小辈我还是考虑上皮样血管肉瘤。至少上皮性标记应该做，可以除外特殊类型鳞癌等。

学习了！

CK5/6 P63 CD34阴性

CD31

Also designated platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1). This is a 120-130 kD membrane glycoprotein found at endothelial cell junctions and on the surface of platelets. It plays a role in thrombosis, woudn-healing and angiogenesis. Its is a ligand for CD38.

Antibodies are effective on paraffin-embedded tissue4.

Immunohistochemical expression

• endothelial cells, including the sinusoidal endothelial cells of liver, lymph nodes and spleen which stain variably for Ulex europaeus and factor VIII-related protein

• megakaryocytes and platelets

• monocytes / macrophages

• granulocytes

• B lymphocytes, particularly of the follicular mantle2, plasma cells2 and some extramedullary plasmacytomas2

• vascular tumours: sensitivity for both benign and malignant tumours is almost 100%2,3

• Kaposi's sarcoma shows staining which is usually but not invariably confined to the angiomatoid areas, with negativity of the spindle cell areas.2 CD34 is a more sensitive marker for Kaposi's sarcoma than is CD313.

• lymphangiomas; these stain less strongly than do vascular tumours

• occasional Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumours

• rarely in carcinomas and mesotheliomas

• some lymphomas

血管源性的恶性肿瘤，往往会失去相关标记，CD31的表达如何？是否在增生的肿瘤细胞上？虽然特异性不十分强，但也有帮助，通过其他的标记结果来排除其他来源的肿瘤，再结合HE改变，考虑血管来源的肿瘤。仅从HE改变要考虑恶性或交界性。